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Light emitting diodes (LEDs) have changed beyond recognition since their first commercial uses in the 1960s. With applications as far ranging as automotive, displays, consumer electronics and even the treatment of medical conditions, LEDs are here to stay. The market is developing at an increasingly rapid rate and keeping abreast of these changes is key to anyone involved in lighting and displays.
This brand new study from Intertech-Smithers Pira brings you the latest on this technology including:
- How material advances are revolutionising the LEDs market
- The outlook for white LEDs and how it could affect the industry
- New applications in automotive, marine, signage and signals
Contents include:
Introduction
Industry structure and overview
- LED industry and market development
- LED power development
- LED outlook
LED materials and device manufacturing
LED structures and how they work
Production processes
Materials used to make LEDs
- Solid materials and wafers
- II-VI materials
- III-V compound substrates
- AlGaN materials
- AlN materials
- IV-IV silicon carbide/compounds
- Gallium nitride on silicon
- Sapphire materials
- Carrier gas materials
- Substrate selection
- Homo-epitaxy
- Sapphire substrates or hetero-epitaxy
- Silicon carbide substrates
- Silicon substrates
- Sapphire substrates
- Aluminium nitride substrates
- LED colours
- Use of phosphors
LED die fabrication, packaging and encapsulation
- Die fabrication
- Packaging and encapsulation
- Lenses and reflector cups
Outlook for white LEDs
- Historical
- Competition
- The qualifiers
- Drivers
- A bright future
V LED applications
- Introduction
- Display back lighting
- Automotive and vehicle uses
- Introduction
- Rear lights
- Internal auto lighting
- Front auto lighting
- Commercial vehicle lighting
- Emergency vehicle lighting
- Camera flash units
- General illumination
- Portable lighting
- Signage
- Neon signs
- Channel letters
- Safety signs
- Signals
- Traffic signals
- Rail signals
- Aviation lighting
- Marine lighting
Future trends for LEDs
Leading LED suppliers and technical developers