Developments in Hydrogen Storage

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Developments in Hydrogen Storage

Due to the huge costs associated with creating a wholly new hydrogen distribution system, the hydrogen industry is focusing its efforts on the costeffective storage of hydrogen. Various technical solutions are being researched and developed in order that hydrogen can be made available both at a large and small scale. This study will address those technologies being developed for storing hydrogen for use in portable, stationary and transport applications. It examines candidate storage technologies - compression, sorption, hydrides - and provides insight into the most viable materials and system designs. It provides a thorough assessment of the latest research on hydrogen storage and prospects for its commercialisation. Find out about:

• Hydrogen storage methods, containment technology and system design
• The status of global storage research, current programmes and incentives and public-private partnerships
• Hydrogen storage economics and commercialisation outlook for on-board and stationary applications
  

Essential reading for:

• Technology managers and hydrogen processing equipment suppliers
• High-pressure storage, sorption material and hydride suppliers
• Fuel cell materials and component suppliers, propulsion, power generation and energy storage specialists

Contents

Executive Summary

Introduction

• Report overview
• Hydrogen industry overview
• Future trends

Hydrogen storage methods

• Storage parameters:

1. Application
2. Gravimetric
3. Volumetric
4. Energy cost

• High-pressure gas storage:

1. Ionic compression

• Cryogenic
• Rechargable sorption materials:

1. Zeolites
2. Carbon based
3. Other (nanoporous, metal-organic materials)

• Chemically bound hydrogen:

1. Metal hydrides
2. Complex hydrides
3. Organic hydrides
4. Amides, imides
5. Amines

• Hybrid systems:

1. Metal borohydride and Aerogel

Hydrogen containment technology materials

• Materials challenges:Hydrogen permeation

1. Material interactions (e.g. embrittlement, stability)
2. Cost issues
3. Safety issues

• Compression technology
• Case studies or results of materials used for hydrogen storage
• Hybrid storage methods
• Influence of codes and standards

Hydrogen storage system design

• Properties of stored hydrogen and design considerations
• Thermodynamic considerations
• Designing for stationary use
• Designing for mobility
• Designing for safety

Outlook for hydrogen storage systems

• Hydrogen storage for energy: outlook for commercialization:

1. By application - on-board storage
2. By application - stationary storage
3. Niche opportunities

• Hydrogen storage economics
• Impact of regulations and public perception
• Status of global storage research

Tables and Figures

• Market for hydrogen storage, 2009
• Comparison of hydrogen storage technologies
• Overview of hydrogen storage methods
• Sorption material properties
• Chemical composition of hydrides used for hydrogen storage
• Rate of hydrogen permeation through various compression materials
• Pressure rating of vehicle tanks
• ASTM codes for pressurized tanks
• Thermodynamic properties of storage materials
• On-board hydrogen test results from Europe, Japan and US
• Cost of hydrogen storage
• Economic comparison of hydrogen storage vs. hydrogen pipelines
• Overview of global hydrogen storage programmes
• Government investment levels 2010-15
• Outlook for investment in hydrogen storage
• Chemically stored hydrogen as metal hydrides
• Hydrogen storage system design diagram
• Hydrogen used for on-board storage
• Urban delivery vehicle in Denmark
• On-board vs. stationary systems
• Global hydrogen pipelines